Whereas the cumulative bearings of collective human impacts on marine populations have previously been demonstrated, the multiple impacts associated with marine infrastructure have not been well explored. As a result, marine systems and associated species are under increased pressure from habitat loss and degradation, formation of ecological traps and increased mortality, all of which can lead to reduced resilience and consequently increased invasive species establishment. The rise in global marine infrastructure has led to light, noise and chemical pollution, as well as facilitation of biological invasions. These services require extensive marine infrastructure, all of which have direct or indirect ecological impacts on marine environments. The human population is increasingly reliant on the marine environment for food, trade, tourism, transport, communication and other vital ecosystem services. It is suggested that the Ministry of Economic Affairs (MOEA) first discusses with the Ministry of Transportation and Communications (MOTC) and the Ocean Affairs Council (OAC) to confirm whether industrial harbors are inside or outside the category of commercial ports, and then decide on a management system and suitable laws and regulations for integrating industrial harbors with commercial ports and international affairs. Classifying industrial harbors as falling outside commercial ports may cause management difficulties and may even cause trouble for international shipping. Therefore, this study posits that industrial harbors should be classified as commercial ports in Taiwan's ballast water management system. However, in operational practice, industrial harbors should be regarded as a commercial port whose use is restricted. Judging from the results of this study of regulations, commercial ports and industrial harbors differ in applicable laws, competent authorities, and construction and management units. The regulations and systems for ballast water management in Taiwan and how they can be applied to industrial harbors are also discussed. Based on document analysis, this study discusses the similarities and differences between commercial ports and industrial harbors. The industrial harbor in Taiwan is unique in the world, so the 3 + 1 PSC procedure cannot be directly applied to the industrial harbor. International trade ports in Taiwan include commercial ports and exclusive industrial harbors. Taiwan’s government has been in line with the BWM Convention’s obligations by passing several administrative orders and adopted the 3 + 1 Port State Control (PSC) procedure. In 2004, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) adopted the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships Ballast Water and Sediments (BWM Convention).
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |